Compiled by Dr Silindile Mlilo

This report provides an analysis of xenophobic discrimination incidents in South Africa between 2022 and 2024 (hereinafter the reporting period), based on data collected through the Xenowatch platform. Xenowatch is a project of the African Centre for Migration & Society (ACMS) at the University of the Witwatersrand, hosted by the Mobility Governance Lab—a joint initiative between ACMS and the University of Oxford that explores mobility and governance across the Global South.

Xenowatch’s latest report examines the spatial and temporal patterns of xenophobic discrimination incidents across the country’s nine provinces. Findings from the report confirm that xenophobic discrimination remains persistent and widespread, with urban and economically strained areas experiencing recurring incidents. The period under review also saw a marked increase in organised anti-migrant vigilante activity, notably the rise and institutionalisation of movements such as Operation Dudula, which increasingly operate outside legal frameworks and with growing support.

Seen below the heat map of xenophobic discrimination in South Africa per province:

Read and download the full report here: Xenophobic Discrimination in South Africa: An Overview of Trends, Effects, and Responses (2022–2024).